Bibliometrics: Foreign Ownership 2022

1 Initial Corpus generation

2 General Overview over EIST articles

2.1 Main Indicators: Publications, Authors, Countries

To start with, a general overview over the documents in the corpus.

MAIN INFORMATION ABOUT DATA

 Timespan                              1974 : 2021 
 Sources (Journals, Books, etc)        521 
 Documents                             5120 
 Average years from publication        10.6 
 Average citations per documents       133.3 
 Average citations per year per doc    10.27 
 References                            261694 
 
DOCUMENT TYPES                     
 article        5038 
 editorial      35 
 review         47 
 
DOCUMENT CONTENTS
 Keywords Plus (ID)                    2362 
 Author's Keywords (DE)                7313 
 
AUTHORS
 Authors                               6928 
 Author Appearances                    13625 
 Authors of single-authored documents  524 
 Authors of multi-authored documents   6404 
 
AUTHORS COLLABORATION
 Single-authored documents             636 
 Documents per Author                  0.739 
 Authors per Document                  1.35 
 Co-Authors per Documents              2.66 
 Collaboration Index                   1.43 
 

Annual Scientific Production

Annual Percentage Growth Rate 10.7812 


Most Productive Authors

Top manuscripts per citations

Corresponding Author's Countries

SCP: Single Country Publications

MCP: Multiple Country Publications


Total Citations per Country

Most Relevant Sources

Most Relevant Keywords

NA

And a graphical visualization

2.2 Cited references

Top 20 cited references (by corpus documents):

CR	n
KOGUT, B., SINGH, H., THE EFFECT OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON THE CHOICE OF ENTRY MODE (1988) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 19 (3), PP. 411-432	874
OVIATT, B.M., MCDOUGALL, P.P., TOWARD A THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL NEW VENTURES (1994) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 25 (1), PP. 45-64	707
SCHULZE, W.S., LUBATKIN, M.H., DINO, R.N., BUCHHOLTZ, A.K., AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE (2001) ORGANIZATION SCIENCE, 12 (2), PP. 99-116	663
CHUA, J.H., CHRISMAN, J.J., SHARMA, P., DEFINING THE FAMILY BUSINESS BY BEHAVIOR (1999) ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 23 (4), PP. 19-39	631
ZAHEER, S., OVERCOMING THE LIABILITY OF FOREIGNNESS (1995) ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, 38 (2), PP. 341-363	629
LUO, Y., TUNG, R.L., INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF EMERGING MARKET ENTERPRISES: A SPRINGBOARD PERSPECTIVE (2007) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 38 (4), PP. 481-498	620
SIRMON, D.G., HITT, M.A., MANAGING RESOURCES: LINKING UNIQUE RESOURCES, MANAGEMENT, AND WEALTH CREATION IN FAMILY FIRMS (2003) ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 27 (4), PP. 339-358	620
KOSTOVA, T., ZAHEER, S., ORGANIZATIONAL LEGITIMACY UNDER CONDITIONS OF COMPLEXITY: THE CASE OF THE MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE (1999) ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT REVIEW, 24 (1), PP. 64-81	581
BARNEY, J., FIRM RESOURCES AND SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (1991) JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, 17 (1), PP. 99-120	577
CARNEY, M., CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN FAMILY-CONTROLLED FIRMS (2005) ENTREPRENEURSHIP THEORY AND PRACTICE, 29 (3), PP. 249-265	554
VILLALONGA, B., AMIT, R., HOW DO FAMILY OWNERSHIP, CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT AFFECT FIRM VALUE? (2006) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 80, PP. 385-417	553
LU, J.W., BEAMISH, P.W., THE INTERNATIONALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF SMES (2001) STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, 22 (6-7), PP. 565-586	535
SCHULZE, W.S., LUBATKIN, M.H., DINO, R.N., BUCHHOLTZ, A.K., AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE (2001) ORGANIZATION SCIENCE, 12, PP. 99-116	511
JENSEN, M.C., MECKLING, W.H., THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 3, PP. 305-360	509
VILLALONGA, B., AMIT, R., HOW DO FAMILY OWNERSHIP, CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT AFFECT FIRM VALUE? (2006) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 80 (2), PP. 385-417	506
JENSEN, M.C., MECKLING, W.H., THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976) JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS, 3 (4), PP. 305-360	472
HABBERSHON, T.G., WILLIAMS, M.L., A RESOURCE-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING THE STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES OF FAMILY FIRMS (1999) FAMILY BUSINESS REVIEW, 12 (1), PP. 1-25	471
BARNEY, J.B., FIRM RESOURCES AND SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE (1991) JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT, 17 (1), PP. 99-120	455
AUTIO, E., SAPIENZA, H.J., ALMEIDA, J.G., EFFECTS OF AGE AT ENTRY, KNOWLEDGE INTENSITY, AND IMITABILITY ON INTERNATIONAL GROWTH (2000) ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, 43 (5), PP. 909-924	453
ANDERSON, E., GATIGNON, H., MODES OF FOREIGN ENTRY: A TRANSACTION COST ANALYSIS AND PROPOSITIONS (1986) JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS STUDIES, 17 (3), PP. 1-26	448

3 Topic modelling

I by now created some topic modelling. The results are now more fine-tuned, but there is still room for some improvement. We ran a LDA on the titles + abstracts of our corpus, aiming at identifying 6 topics (different evaluation methods point towards this number)

3.1 Topics by topwords

This might still be finetuned, but initially doesnt look that bad I think. All the topics for me seem to be somewhat identifiable. We should maybe start naming them to make their interpretation later easier.

3.2 Topics over time

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'PY'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

3.3 LDAViz

Here you find a nice way of exploring topics via the LDAVIz methodology of visulizing the result of an LDA. It dispolays all topics in a 2 dimensional TSNE (similar to PCA, but optimized for graphical illustration in 2d), and also gives a nice visual representation over the topics top-word distribution and overall frequencies of this words in the corpus. The \(\lambda\) parameter regulates the importance-ordering of the topwords. High \(\lambda\) order words by the highest propability to appear in the topic to the lowest (independent of the overall word popularity in the corpus), whle low \(\lambda\) emphasize words which are very specific to the topic, and rarely appear in others.

Play a bit around. Since it would be here a bit condensed, here in fullscreen for a better overview.

4 Knowledge Bases: Co-Citation network analysis

Note: This analysis refers the co-citation analysis, where the cited references and not the original publications are the unit of analysis. See tab Technical descriptionfor additional explanations

4.1 Knowledge Bases summary

4.1.1 Main Indicators

In order to partition networks into components or clusters, we deploy a community detection technique based on the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). The Lovain Algorithm is a heuristic method that attempts to optimize the modularity of communities within a network by maximizing within- and minimizing between-community connectivity. We identify the following communities = knowledge bases.

It is not the main focus of this exercise, but still informative to see which historical knowledge the fields draws from.

NOTE: Up to now I only report the most central members per community

com	name	dgr_int	dgr
1	SIRMON D.G. HITT M.A. MANAGING RESOURCES: LINKING UNIQUE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND WEALTH CREATION IN FAMILY FIRMS (2003)	80142	106999
1	CHUA J.H. CHRISMAN J.J. SHARMA P. DEFINING THE FAMILY BUSINESS BY BEHAVIOR (1999)	78763	98418
1	CARNEY M. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN FAMILY-CONTROLLED FIRMS (2005)	78450	95567
1	SCHULZE W.S. LUBATKIN M.H. DINO R.N. BUCHHOLTZ A.K. AGENCY RELATIONSHIPS IN FAMILY FIRMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE (2001)	74997	98387
1	VILLALONGA B. AMIT R. HOW DO FAMILY OWNERSHIP CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT AFFECT FIRM VALUE? (2006)	67441	83008
1	CHRISMAN J.J. CHUA J.H. SHARMA P. TRENDS AND DIRECTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT THEORY OF THE FAMILY FIRM (2005)	54226	64596
1	JENSEN M.C. MECKLING W.H. THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE (1976)	53464	75975
1	ANDERSON R.C. REEB D.M. FOUNDING-FAMILY OWNERSHIP AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE S&P 500 (2003)	50883	64431
1	HABBERSHON T.G. WILLIAMS M.L. A RESOURCE-BASED FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING THE STRATEGIC ADVANTAGES OF FAMILY FIRMS (1999)	49823	64900
1	SCHULZE W.S. LUBATKIN M.H. DINO R.N. TOWARD A THEORY OF AGENCY AND ALTRUISM IN FAMILY FIRMS (2003)	48722	63188
2	KOGUT B. SINGH H. THE EFFECT OF NATIONAL CULTURE ON THE CHOICE OF ENTRY MODE (1988)	51069	63386
2	LUO Y. TUNG R.L. INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF EMERGING MARKET ENTERPRISES: A SPRINGBOARD PERSPECTIVE (2007)	38499	47749
2	ZAHEER S. OVERCOMING THE LIABILITY OF FOREIGNNESS (1995)	38306	66070
2	KOSTOVA T. ZAHEER S. ORGANIZATIONAL LEGITIMACY UNDER CONDITIONS OF COMPLEXITY: THE CASE OF THE MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE (1999)	35355	44773
2	NORTH D.C. (1990)	31408	45398
2	ANDERSON E. GATIGNON H. MODES OF FOREIGN ENTRY: A TRANSACTION COST ANALYSIS AND PROPOSITIONS (1986)	25894	34036
2	SCOTT W.R. (1995)	25005	32660
2	XU D. SHENKAR O. INSTITUTIONAL DISTANCE AND THE MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISE (2002)	24875	28315
2	MEYER K.E. ESTRIN S. BHAUMIK S.K. PENG M.W. INSTITUTIONS RESOURCES AND ENTRY STRATEGIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES (2009)	24084	28689
2	HOFSTEDE G. (1980)	23618	30563
3	AUTIO E. SAPIENZA H.J. ALMEIDA J.G. EFFECTS OF AGE AT ENTRY KNOWLEDGE INTENSITY AND IMITABILITY ON INTERNATIONAL GROWTH (2000)	27102	45489
3	OVIATT B.M. MCDOUGALL P.P. TOWARD A THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL NEW VENTURES (1994)	25784	45583
3	ZAHRA S.A. IRELAND R.D. HITT M.A. INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION BY NEW VENTURE FIRMS: INTERNATIONAL DIVERSITY MODE OF MARKET ENTRY TECHNOLOGICAL LEARNING...	22515	41604
3	LU J.W. BEAMISH P.W. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION AND PERFORMANCE OF SMES (2001)	22108	54735
3	KNIGHT G.A. CAVUSGIL S.T. INNOVATION ORGANIZATIONAL CAPABILITIES AND THE BORN-GLOBAL FIRM (2004)	18290	31762
3	HITT M.A. HOSKISSON R.E. KIM H. INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION: EFFECTS ON INNOVATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE IN PRODUCT-DIVERSIFIED FIRMS (1997)	15535	50169
3	OVIATT B.M. MCDOUGALL P.P. DEFINING INTERNATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND MODELING THE SPEED OF INTERNATIONALIZATION (2005)	14781	24654
3	SAPIENZA H.J. AUTIO E. GEORGE G. ZAHRA S.A. A CAPABILITIES PERSPECTIVE ON THE EFFECTS OF EARLY INTERNATIONALIZATION ON FIRM SURVIVAL AND GROWTH (2006)	13958	27926
3	LU J.W. BEAMISH P.W. INTERNATIONAL DIVERSIFICATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: THE S-CURVE HYPOTHESIS (2004)	12700	37105
3	SULLIVAN D. MEASURING THE DEGREE OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF A FIRM (1994)	12480	28261
4	KONTINEN T. OJALA A. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY BUSINESSES: A REVIEW OF EXTANT RESEARCH (2010)	14231	32709
4	GRAVES C. THOMAS J. DETERMINANTS OF THE INTERNATIONALIZATION PATHWAYS OF FAMILY FIRMS: AN EXAMINATION OF FAMILY INFLUENCE (2008)	13237	28731
4	ZAHRA S.A. INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION OF U.S. MANUFACTURING FAMILY BUSINESSES: THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP AND INVOLVEMENT (2003)	11555	47441
4	FERNÁNDEZ Z. NIETO M.J. IMPACT OF OWNERSHIP ON THE INTERNATIONAL INVOLVEMENT OF SMES (2006)	11509	28164
4	GEORGE G. WIKLUND J. ZAHRA S.A. OWNERSHIP AND THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL FIRMS (2005)	10938	32081
4	SCIASCIA S. MAZZOLA P. ASTRACHAN J.H. PIEPER T.M. THE ROLE OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: EXPLORING NONLINEAR EFFECTS (2012)	10749	26208
4	GALLO M.A. SVEEN J. INTERNATIONALIZING THE FAMILY BUSINESS: FACILITATING AND RESTRAINING FACTORS (1991)	9862	22578
4	PUKALL T.J. CALABRÒ A. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FAMILY FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW AND INTEGRATIVE MODEL (2014)	8568	20573
4	GRAVES C. THOMAS J. INTERNATIONALIZATION OF AUSTRALIAN FAMILY BUSINESSES: A MANAGERIAL CAPABILITIES PERSPECTIVE (2006)	8238	21387
4	CERRATO D. PIVA M. THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: THE EFFECT OF FAMILY MANAGEMENT HUMAN CAPITAL AND FOREIGN OWNERS...	8217	15884
5	SHLEIFER A. VISHNY R.W. A SURVEY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (1997)	3781	29186
5	BERLE A.A. MEANS G.C. (1932)	3392	7348
5	JENSEN M.C. AGENCY COSTS OF FREE CASH FLOW CORPORATE FINANCE AND TAKEOVERS (1986)	2919	8766
5	BERTRAND M. MEHTA P. MULLAINATHAN S. FERRETING OUT TUNNELING: AN APPLICATION TO INDIAN BUSINESS GROUPS (2002)	2444	9200
5	PENG M.W. DELIOS A. WHAT DETERMINES THE SCOPE OF THE FIRM OVER TIME AND AROUND THE WORLD? AN ASIA PACIFIC PERSPECTIVE (2006)	2051	4800
5	CHANDLER A. (1990)	2048	3861
5	MEYER K.E. ESTRIN S. BHAUMIK S. PENG M.W. INSTITUTIONS RESOURCES AND ENTRY STRATEGIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES (2009)	1991	7522
5	WALSH J.P. SEWARD J.K. ON THE EFFICIENCY OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CORPORATE CONTROL MECHANISMS (1990)	1910	7084
5	DENIS D.J. DENIS D.K. SARIN A. AGENCY PROBLEMS EQUITY OWNERSHIP AND CORPORATE DIVERSIFICATION (1997)	1894	4715
5	BANALIEVA E.R. EDDLESTON K.A. ZELLWEGER T.M. WHEN DO FAMILY FIRMS HAVE AN ADVANTAGE IN TRANSITIONING ECONOMIES? TOWARD A DYNAMIC INSTITUTION-BASED ...	1849	6087

4.1.2 Development of Knowledge Bases

4.2 Technical description

In a co-cittion network, the strength of the relationship between a reference pair \(m\) and \(n\) (\(s_{m,n}^{coc}\)) is expressed by the number of publications \(C\) which are jointly citing reference \(m\) and \(n\).

\[s_{m,n}^{coc} = \sum_i c_{i,m} c_{i,n}\]

The intuition here is that references which are frequently cited together are likely to share commonalities in theory, topic, methodology, or context. It can be interpreted as a measure of similarity as evaluated by other researchers that decide to jointly cite both references. Because the publication process is time-consuming, co-citation is a backward-looking measure, which is appropriate to map the relationship between core literature of a field.

5 Research Areas: Bibliographic coupling analysis

5.1 Research Areas main summary

This is arguably the more interesting part. Here, we identify the literature’s current knowledge frontier by carrying out a bibliographic coupling analysis of the publications in our corpus. This measure uses bibliographical information of publications to establish a similarity relationship between them. Again, method details to be found in the tab Technical description. As you will see, we identify the more narrow research community of Sustainability Transitions (in which we will zoom in later), but also a set of adjacent research areas with some theoretical/methodological/application overlap.

5.1.1 Main Characteristics

To identify communities in the field’s knowledge frontier (labeled research areas) we again use the Lovain Algorithm (Blondel et al., 2008). We identify the following communities = research areas.

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'com'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

com	com_name	topic_name
1	1	4
1	1	7
1	1	5
2	2	3
2	2	2
2	2	1
3	3	2
3	3	5
3	3	7
4	4	6
4	4	4
4	4	7
5	5	4
5	5	7
5	5	2
NA	NA	6
NA	NA	3
NA	NA	5

5.1.2 Categorization

I up to now gain only provide the 10 most central articles, which can be used to classify them

com_name	AU	PY	TI	dgr_int	TC	TC_year
1	MURITHI W;VERSHININA N...	2020	WHERE LESS IS MORE: INSTITUTIONAL VOIDS AND BUSINESS FAMILIES IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA	13.535413	11	5.500000
1	DE MASSIS A;WANG H;CHU...	2019	COUNTERPOINT: HOW HETEROGENEITY AMONG FAMILY FIRMS INFLUENCES ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE	59.150576	22	7.333333
1	KOTLAR J;DE MASSIS A;F...	2020	MOTIVATION GAPS AND IMPLEMENTATION TRAPS: THE PARADOXICAL AND TIME-VARYING EFFECTS OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP ON FIRM ABSORPTIVE ...	53.099189	32	16.000000
1	YANG X;LI J;STANLEY LJ...	2020	HOW FAMILY FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AFFECT INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE FAMILY SMES	40.858153	24	12.000000
1	CHRISMAN JJ;CHUA JH;DE...	2016	MANAGEMENT PROCESSES AND STRATEGY EXECUTION IN FAMILY FIRMS: FROM “WHAT” TO “HOW”	74.673363	59	9.833333
1	FANG H;KOTLAR J;MEMILI...	2018	THE PURSUIT OF INTERNATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES IN FAMILY FIRMS: GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES AND THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE-BASED RESOU...	63.377634	59	14.750000
1	BECERRA M;CRUZ C;GRAVES C	2020	INNOVATION IN FAMILY FIRMS: THE RELATIVE EFFECTS OF WEALTH CONCENTRATION VERSUS FAMILY-CENTERED GOALS	39.326606	12	6.000000
1	CHRISMAN JJ;FANG H;KOT...	2015	A NOTE ON FAMILY INFLUENCE AND THE ADOPTION OF DISCONTINUOUS TECHNOLOGIES IN FAMILY FIRMS	38.315221	69	9.857143
1	LI Z;DASPIT JJ	2016	UNDERSTANDING FAMILY FIRM INNOVATION HETEROGENEITY: A TYPOLOGY OF FAMILY GOVERNANCE AND SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH INTENTIONS	82.347596	52	8.666667
1	SWAB RG;SHERLOCK C;MAR...	2020	“SEW” WHAT DO WE KNOW AND WHERE DO WE GO? A REVIEW OF SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH AND A WAY FORWARD	48.018622	27	13.500000
2	CUI L;JIANG F;STENING B	2011	THE ENTRY-MODE DECISION OF CHINESE OUTWARD FDI: FIRM RESOURCES, INDUSTRY CONDITIONS, AND INSTITUTIONAL FORCES	38.784263	44	4.000000
2	CUI L;JIANG F	2010	BEHIND OWNERSHIP DECISION OF CHINESE OUTWARD FDI: RESOURCES AND INSTITUTIONS	57.364984	129	10.750000
2	CUI L;JIANG F	2009	FDI ENTRY MODE CHOICE OF CHINESE FIRMS: A STRATEGIC BEHAVIOR PERSPECTIVE	29.430762	177	13.615385
2	WEI T;CLEGG J;MA L	2015	THE CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS FACILITATING ROLE OF THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT IN SHAPING THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF CHINESE MNCS	27.330872	56	8.000000
2	MEYER KE;DING Y;LI J;Z...	2014	OVERCOMING DISTRUST: HOW STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES ADAPT THEIR FOREIGN ENTRIES TO INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURES ABROAD	32.424236	207	25.875000
2	HU HW;CUI L	2014	OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT OF PUBLICLY LISTED FIRMS FROM CHINA: A CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE	36.137104	53	6.625000
2	KANG Y;JIANG F	2012	FDI LOCATION CHOICE OF CHINESE MULTINATIONALS IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA: TRADITIONAL ECONOMIC FACTORS AND INSTITUTIONAL P...	20.054819	219	21.900000
2	QUER D;CLAVER E;RIENDA L	2012	POLITICAL RISK, CULTURAL DISTANCE, AND OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM LARGE CHINESE FIRMS	42.038677	149	14.900000
2	WEI Y;ZHENG N;LIU X;LU J	2014	EXPANDING TO OUTWARD FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT OR NOT? A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF ENTRY MODE TRANSFORMATION OF CHINES...	30.801346	64	8.000000
2	LI F;DING DZ	2013	THE EFFECT OF INSTITUTIONAL ISOMORPHIC PRESSURE ON THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF FIRMS IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY: EVIDENCE FROM...	38.250482	46	5.111111
3	CHENG HL;YU CMJ	2008	INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURES AND INITIATION OF INTERNATIONALIZATION: EVIDENCE FROM TAIWANESE SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES	16.043467	107	7.642857
3	SCHELLENBERG M;HARKER ...	2018	INTERNATIONAL MARKET ENTRY MODE–A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW	22.822637	21	5.250000
3	TORKKELI L;KUIVALAINEN...	2019	INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT AND NETWORK COMPETENCE IN SUCCESSFUL SME INTERNATIONALISATION	15.430559	41	13.666667
3	LAUFS K;SCHWENS C	2014	FOREIGN MARKET ENTRY MODE CHOICE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH AGENDA	26.374848	135	16.875000
3	RIPOLLÉS M;BLESA A;MON...	2012	FACTORS ENHANCING THE CHOICE OF HIGHER RESOURCE COMMITMENT ENTRY MODES IN INTERNATIONAL NEW VENTURES	20.545471	83	8.300000
3	FERNHABER SA;LI D	2010	THE IMPACT OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL IMITATION ON NEW VENTURE INTERNATIONAL ENTRY AND PERFORMANCE	26.098450	84	7.000000
3	SHIROKOVA G;MCDOUGALL-...	2012	THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AND INSTITUTIONS IN THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF RUSSIAN ENTREPRENEURIAL FIRMS: DO THEY MATTER?	9.531028	63	6.300000
3	ZHANG X;MA X;WANG Y	2012	ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SMES: EVIDENCE FROM CHINA	16.895424	69	6.900000
3	JAIN NK;PANGARKAR N;YU...	2019	RAPID INTERNATIONALIZATION OF EMERGING MARKET FIRMS—THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY AND ADDED CULTURAL DISTANCE	8.494863	14	4.666667
3	DE CLERCQ D;ZHOU L	2014	ENTREPRENEURIAL STRATEGIC POSTURE AND PERFORMANCE IN FOREIGN MARKETS: THE CRITICAL ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LEARNING EFFORT	17.405793	46	5.750000
4	DAU LA;PURKAYASTHA S;E...	2020	WHO DOES IT BEST? FAMILY AND NONFAMILY OWNERS AND LEADERS NAVIGATING INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN EMERGING MARKETS	11.616694	11	5.500000
4	SU Y;XU D;PHAN PH	2008	PRINCIPAL-PRINCIPAL CONFLICT IN THE GOVERNANCE OF THE CHINESE PUBLIC CORPORATION	13.237229	146	10.428571
4	PENG MW;SUN W;VLAS C;M...	2018	AN INSTITUTION-BASED VIEW OF LARGE FAMILY FIRMS: A RECAP AND OVERVIEW	11.562069	34	8.500000
4	MARTIN G;GÓMEZ-MEJÍA L...	2017	CONFLICT BETWEEN CONTROLLING FAMILY OWNERS AND MINORITY SHAREHOLDERS: MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING?	17.785263	27	5.400000
4	MINICHILLI A;BROGI M;C...	2016	WEATHERING THE STORM: FAMILY OWNERSHIP, GOVERNANCE, AND PERFORMANCE THROUGH THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISIS	25.269857	91	15.166667
4	LABELLE R;HAFSI T;FRAN...	2018	FAMILY FIRMS’ CORPORATE SOCIAL PERFORMANCE: A CALCULATED QUEST FOR SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH	16.000526	41	10.250000
4	GOMEZ-MEJIA LR;PATEL P...	2018	IN THE HORNS OF THE DILEMMA: SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH, FINANCIAL WEALTH, AND ACQUISITIONS IN FAMILY FIRMS	11.340588	148	37.000000
4	SCHMID T;AMPENBERGER M...	2015	FAMILY FIRM HETEROGENEITY AND CORPORATE POLICY: EVIDENCE FROM DIVERSIFICATION DECISIONS	24.455434	39	5.571429
4	BRETON-MILLER IL;MILLER D	2016	FAMILY FIRMS AND PRACTICES OF SUSTAINABILITY: A CONTINGENCY VIEW	20.021468	89	14.833333
4	JASKIEWICZ P;BLOCK JH;...	2017	FOUNDER VERSUS FAMILY OWNERS’ IMPACT ON PAY DISPERSION AMONG NON-CEO TOP MANAGERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR FIRM PERFORMANCE	11.346854	29	5.800000
5	SESTU MC;MAJOCCHI A	2020	FAMILY FIRMS AND THE CHOICE BETWEEN WHOLLY OWNED SUBSIDIARIES AND JOINT VENTURES: A TRANSACTION COSTS PERSPECTIVE	12.178800	17	8.500000
5	DE MASSIS A;FRATTINI F...	2018	FAMILY FIRMS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: TOWARD A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF INTERNATIONALIZATION DETERMINANTS, PROCESSES, AND OUT...	11.789914	129	32.250000
5	NA	NA	NA	12.178800	NA	NA
5	DEBELLIS F;RONDI E;PLA...	2021	RIDING THE WAVES OF FAMILY FIRM INTERNATIONALIZATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW, INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK, AND RESEARCH ...	27.881161	30	30.000000
5	MARIOTTI S;MARZANO R;P...	2021	THE ROLE OF FAMILY FIRMS’ GENERATIONAL HETEROGENEITY IN THE ENTRY MODE CHOICE IN FOREIGN MARKETS	12.608258	14	14.000000
5	ALESSANDRI TM;CERRATO ...	2018	THE MIXED GAMBLE OF INTERNATIONALIZATION IN FAMILY AND NONFAMILY FIRMS: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL SLACK	13.736640	64	16.000000
5	SANTULLI R;TORCHIA M;C...	2019	FAMILY OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION AND FIRM INTERNATIONALIZATION: INTEGRATING PRINCIPAL-PRINCIPAL AND SOCIOEMOTIONAL WEALTH PE...	27.129678	21	7.000000
5	EVERT RE;SEARS JB;MART...	2018	FAMILY OWNERSHIP AND FAMILY INVOLVEMENT AS ANTECEDENTS OF STRATEGIC ACTION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF INITIAL INTERNATIONAL ...	23.838439	25	6.250000
5	PONGELLI C;CAROLI MG;C...	2016	FAMILY BUSINESS GOING ABROAD: THE EFFECT OF FAMILY OWNERSHIP ON FOREIGN MARKET ENTRY MODE DECISIONS	24.268562	39	6.500000
5	KANO L;VERBEKE A	2018	FAMILY FIRM INTERNATIONALIZATION: HERITAGE ASSETS AND THE IMPACT OF BIFURCATION BIAS	14.612599	58	14.500000

5.1.3

5.1.4 Development

`summarise()` has grouped output by 'com_name'. You can override using the `.groups` argument.

We again see quite some dynamics….

5.1.5 Connectivity between the research areas

Warning: Ignoring unknown parameters: strenght

5.2 Technical description

In a bibliographic coupling network, the coupling-strength between publications is determined by the number of commonly cited references they share, assuming a common pool of references to indicate similarity in context, methods, or theory. Formally, the strength of the relationship between a publication pair \(i\) and \(j\) (\(s_{i,j}^{bib}\)) is expressed by the number of commonly cited references.

\[ s_{i,j}^{bib} = \sum_m c_{i,m} c_{j,m} \]

Since our corpus contains publications which differ strongly in terms of the number of cited references, we normalize the coupling strength by the Jaccard similarity coefficient. Here, we weight the intercept of two publications’ bibliography (shared refeences) by their union (number of all references cited by either \(i\) or \(j\)). It is bounded between zero and one, where one indicates the two publications to have an identical bibliography, and zero that they do not share any cited reference. Thereby, we prevent publications from having high coupling strength due to a large bibliography (e.g., literature surveys).

\[ S_{i,j}^{jac-bib} =\frac{C(i \cap j)}{C(i \cup j)} = \frac{s_{i,j}^{bib}}{c_i + c_j - s_{i,j}^{bib}} \]

More recent articles have a higher pool of possible references to co-cite to, hence they are more likely to be coupled. Consequently, bibliographic coupling represents a forward looking measure, and the method of choice to identify the current knowledge frontier at the point of analysis.

6 Additional analysis

6.1 Authors, Themes & Journals

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